Type-writing machine.



c. STIGKNBY Tm: WRITING msnm.. APPLIUA'IIOI FILED JUNE 30. 1903.

Patented June 16, 19M.

3 SHBETS*SHEBT 1.

WITNESSEJ IN VENTR B. C. STICKNEY.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 30, 1903. 1,100,453. Patented June 16, 1914.

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B. G. STIGKNBY. TYPE WRITING moulu, APPLIOATION FILED JUNBSOlQS. 1,100,453.

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l MI//TNEYSS UNITED STATES) PrENry OFFICE.

BURNHAM c. sTIeKNEY. or ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY, nssreaaon To UNDEEWOOD TYJ. EWRI'IJR COMPANY. OF NEW YORK. N. Y., A CORPORATION 0F DELAWARE.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

chilies.l an'tl particularlv toj-'so-caller-l visi? ble" writing machines. in which the line ot writing is always in view, and more espevciali)v to those ot' the 'f front strike .rlass: and one o' its principal objects is to make a more satisfactorydisposition othoth the margin-governing orfregulating mechanism and the ribbon mechanism than `has heretoforey been made in this sort of machines. I`suall \Y the margin niechauism is placed at the extreme fronty ot the machine, where it is in the way ami-necessitates the use of a cnhersome paper-carriage, or in the extreme rear of the machine'where it is inaccessible. liy my invention, the `margin-gage. rack is placed beneath the paper carriage,-where it is out of the way, permittingthe use of a compact arriage,.which lis a dcsideratum; whilel provision is, made `for rendering the rack and the tappets thereon accessible when necessary, for iuljusting the margin or carriage-alarm when it is desired to setthe machi'iieffor writing a line of different lengtlrfi'lhe ribbon spools are alaifrhereinv -showmas"mounted beneath the carriage. and

brought to an accessible position by the same movement that-renders the margin-gage rack accessible; although certain features herein shown relating to-:the ribbon and the carri age mechanisms are shown in my pending application Serial No. 153,024, filed` April 17,

Prei'ferably,y and as a matter of further improvement, the means for adjusting the tensionI of the carriage-propelling spring are mounted-beneath the carriage, for compactv ness, and brought into' position ofaceessibility 'simultaneously with the margin-gage rack and ribbon spools. 5

Certain fea-tures'of improvement herein set forth, particularly the margin mechanism, `are also applicable to other makes off' w'.. Ltingmachines.

yMy einvention consists certain combi- Specification of Letters Patent. application filed .nale 30,1903.

- lcranks fulcrumed f and-having pendent and ,arrangementscf parts, which will Ybe hereinafter described' and particularly pointed out 1u the concluding claims.

Patented J une 16, 1914.

In the drawings forming part of thisv specification, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a front. strike writing machine embodying my improvements; one type action being shown in printing position, and the platen being shownlin `full hnes iii position vfor writing' lowercase-let ters, and in dotted lines at upper-case position. Fig. 2 is a detail rear elevation of the hell-ringing and line-locking mechanism. Vig. 3 is a sectional front view of the ma chine. l `igwfl is a plan of an adjustable stop for regulating the. margin at the left-hand side of the paper. Fig. 5 is an end elevation and Fig. 6 a plan of'a three-part adjustable tappetused in sounding an alarm and in successively locking the keys. Fig. 7 is a front view of the machine, showing the carriage tilted up to expose the underside thereof` and give access to the adjustable margin-governing tappets, the ribbo'n spools, and the carriage-spring tensionladjusting devices. '5, U1 f Throughout the views like parts are identilied by like signs.

The framework of the machine comprises.

side walls and rear walls forming a basev 1, and a depressedtop plate 3. Forwardly eX- tending type bars l are pivoted at their rear ends upona curved fulcruurrod 5 mounted in a segment 6, and stri ke rearwardly against aplaten 7. -The segment is radially slotted at 8 to receive the type-bar hubs; Each `type-bar is provided with a lower-case type 9 and an upper-case type 10, the latter being uppermost when the type bar is in printing position, although this relation may be reversed within the scope of certain features of my improvements, and the type-bars may be otherwisemounted. The type-barsmay be operated by any suitabe means, as for instance pull-links 11, extending rearwardly and downwardly from they type "bars, pendent levers l2 connected between their ends atl 13 to said links, a horizontal rod 14 whereon said 4levers are fulcrumed at their` v upper ends, horizontal links 15 connected at l 16 to the lower ends of said levers and exino tending forwardly, and key-bearing bell' upon a ltransverse rord 17 arms 18 connected .at`i519 A arms v bearing the keys 2l.

-type system, and the links l5 may fan out from their rear totheir front ends; or the System of levers 12 maybe wider than the l type system and narrower than the` bell cranksyStem, and both sets of linksLmay fan out. l 1

'The platen 7 may be mounted by means of an axle 25 upon a carriage 2G, which may vbe of any suitable construction, but preferably comprises upper land lower bars 27 and 28, the former provided in its underside with a longitudinal lgroove 29, and the latter in its upper side ,with a longitudinal groove 30; 'these bars being connected at their ends by upright bars 31 and 3,2Aformed integral therewith. An integral'plate or bar 33 vprojects forwardly from said connected bars, and at/its ends is formed with upright arms 34 and 35 in which the platen axle 25 is journaled. Embraced by the grooved bars 27 and 28 is a rail 36, set on edge and provided in its top and bottom edges with grooves 37 and 38, which are provided with bearing balls 39, whereon the vcarriage runs.

A feeding-in roller 40 may be mounted in rear of the platen upon links 4l rising from ears 42 on the upper carriage-bar 27; and

, said links may be provided with rearwardly extending lugs 43 for receiving legs 44 of a paper-shelf 45. From the front side of the plate 33 may project forwardly and upwardly extending arms 46, upon whose for- Ward ends is fixed a platen scale 47 provided with an apron 48 upon its rear side contiguous to the platen; the upper edge of said scale -being below the printing line upon the platen, and the scale and 4arms taken together forming a bail which is provided with hinge pintles 49 engaging ears 50 formed upon said plate 33. One or more pressure rollers 51 may be mounted upon an axle 52 mounted at its ends in said arms 46 aboutmidway of their length. Springs 53 are provided for pressing up said arms and roller, and springs 54 for the rear pressure roller` arms. A paper-guiding apron 55 may curve from the rear pressure roller beneath the platen to the forward pressure roller. Paper-guiding fingers 56, extending upwardli7 -in front of the platenand platen scale, and terminating at their upper ends at the top side of the platen, may be adjustably mounted at their lower ends upon a horizontal rod 57 mounted in arms 58 projecting forwardly from the carriage plate the plate 3:5, causing the fingers 5G to hug the platen, and preventing accidental dis' placement thereof along the rod 57. So far .as certain of iny present improvements arev concerned, however, other carriage mechanism may be adopted. Said groovcd rail 36 forms part of a movable fraaie, wher-eb;y the paper carriage is enabled not only to runl in letter-feeding direction, but also to move in a direction transverse thereto. This frame comprises, in addition to said rail (which ma)v be otherwise formed in some cases) rearwardliv extending integral arms G5, which are united yat* their forward ends by said rail, and a -bar (56, which unites said arms between their ends and is .integral therewith. Said arms are extended rearwardlyT from said bar Gli. formingcars 67 and (SS. which are hinged by pintles 69 inl bosse-s 70 and 7i which project inwardly from the tops of the side walls of the framework 1. The carriage together with its sup` porting frame may be swung or tilted up about said hinge, so as to expose the linderside of the carriage, as at Fig. 7. Said supporting frame may, however.l bc otherwise formed and otherwise movably supported within the scope of my improvements.

In the rear of the type bars and below the platen and carriage is mounted upon an axis or shaft 7 a pair of ribbon spools T6 and 77, said shaft being transverse and horizontal and parallel with the hinge 69 ofthe hinged carriage frame. and said spools beingV arranged on edge and side'by sidet The shaft 7 .5 is journaled upon 4and transxes the lower end of a downwardly directed arm or hanger 78 integral with the bar 66, of thc carriage frame, and having bosses 79 and S0 for suitably supporting said shaft. It will be observed that when in normal position the ribbon spools are inaccessible to the operator, buttliat ywhen the hinged frame is tilted 'upf-to the Fig. 7 position, said spools are brought to an'accessible position. for convenience in examining or adjusting or attachingt-he ribbon. or of detaching or replacing the spools, etc. yThe depressed portion of' the top plate is preferably cleft. as at 81, to make room for the spools, which in normal position dip below said depressed lV shaft 75, being retained by thumb-nuts 89 and,90; and colla-rs 91 and 92 may be xed uponthe shaft, against which the thumbnute mayb'ind the spools; lone spool being v bound by its nut while the other is left loose,

whereby the ribbon may wind back and forth from spool to spool. Other suit-able spool-1nomit-ing` and rotating means' maybe employed.

From one `epool the ribbon 93 is led forwardly and upwardly, as at 94:, then across the printing' point at the front side of the platen, as at 95, and then back down in front oit' the platen, as at 96, and thence back ito the other spool. At the front side of the platen are provided ribhon-g ,'uidin,9,n arms 97 and 98, formed at their upper ends with reversely inclined tipa` 99,100, the angle of each tip being about 415 degrees, for properly conducting` the ribbon across the printing point or field between itsl ascending,r and descending portions. Said arms 97 and 08 form part ot a ribbon vibrator, being connected at their lower ende by a cross-arm 101, whereby they are sup ported upon a bent arm 102, which extends bacliwardly beneath the carriage rail 3G, and at its rear end is pivoted by means ot a trunnion 1053 upon the forward end of an arm 10i project-ing forwardly from t-he frame arm' 7S and integral therewith. By this vibrator, the ribbon may -be lifted at each type-impression, as will be understood from Fig.v 1, to cover the printing point, and then depressed to uncover the saine; and since the vibrator is mounted upon the hinged traine, it is' carried up with the latter when tilted, thus vFacilitating the -reeving of the ribbon from the spools over the guidingarins 97 and 98. The invention f is broad enough to cover the construction of speciei andjvibrating devices, wliether they' are mounted upon an independently hinged trane from the hinged carriage frame or not, So as to be ewung'up with the la ttcr it desired, or so as not to ,swing up therewith. Said ribbon-yiln'ator is operatively connected to carriage-feeding mechanism als-o mounted upon. the hinged carriage-sulfiporting traine and cooperating with a rack 1011 on the carri said feeding' mechaninm comprising upiigl'it detent and feedingr doge M107' and 1tl8`, the latter normally in engagenient with the rack. The rack is mounted upon the rear endsof hinged arms 10S) and 110, the latter bein.g prolonged forwardly ot its hinge and provided with a; deprensihle carriagereleaae key 1.11. The dogs are n'iounted upon one, end ot a, roel-Shatt 112.

journaled in a bose 113 formed upon an arm 11.4; directed upwardly and forwardly from the Shifter-traue bar GG; and said shalt at its other end is provided with an oi'ierating arm 115, which at ite rear end is pivot-ed at 116 to a pendent link 117, wherel'y the arm is operated; said'pivot 11G being noru'ial ly v SubStantially, coincident with-the axis of the vhinge 69,01? the carriage 'supporting frame. no that the operation of the eacapenient mechanism is substantially the same whether the frame is in normal position or shifted up to Write capital letters. At its lower end saidlink is pivoted at 118 to the Iforward end of a rocker-arm 119, which projects forwardly from a horizont-al transverse roc-kshaft 120. Auniversal bar 121 is mounted upon the tops of a pair of arms 122 which ris'e from said rock-shaft, and lies in rear of the levers 12 of the type-actions, so as to be operated thereby, as at Fig. 1 the described universal-bar. :tra me beingr provided with a returning springr 123.

The connection between the ribbon-vilnat` ingr i'ueelnuiiem and the escapeztent mechanism consists of a. link 124, whose upper end is p ivoted to a forward extension 125 of the dog-rocker arm 115, and whose lower end is pivoted to a short arm 120 of the ribbon vibrator. -Iy this means, whenever the doigrof-lter is vibratcd by the keys, the vibrator is elevated to cause the ribbon to cover the printingr point; and upon the return ot the carriage-teeding;r mechanism to normal position, Said vibrator drops to permit the ribbon to uncover the printing' point.

The carriage may be propelled b v a Spring-barrel.12T, lying horizontally and mounted upon the lower end ot a stud 12S dependingF from the hinged earriagc-irame: a strap`129 beingattached to the barrel and caught upon a hook 130 upon the carriage bar 28. A ratchet wheel 131 and pallet 132 are provided for adjusting the tension of the spring, the former having a linger-piece 5%?, and the latter a. finger-piece 134, both of which in normal position project down- `\\'ardly," the ratchet-wheel and pallet. being mounted below the spring' barrel. When the carriage is tilted up, as at Fig. 7, access is given to therat'ehet wheel and pallet'. thu:-l jlacilitatiirg the adjustment ot the spring'. ly mounting; the spring barrel aml thel rarriaie-t'eeding nuahanism upon the hinged trame. the latter is permitted lo swing' freel)1 up and down. without liability ot deranginn' the carriagre-contlplling devices, which always preserve their proper relation to the carriage.

A\t each stroke of the carriage eseapemcnt mechanism the ribbon is 'ted by means: of the pa wl S5. -the latter beinjil pivoted at itv rear end lo the top ot a rock-arm 1235 tixed upon the univerSal-bar shaft 120.

llretorably advantage is also taken of the iuuginp; ot tht` carriage-nupport` to enable the latter to be shifted up and down to enable diilerent types to print. oru'ially the carriage and phten are in tlul towermos-'t position. as. iu full lines at. Fig'. l. thereby enablingthe lower-case types; 9 to print:

li\`hile,..by. elevating; the carriage and platen,

yadjustable stop,

.key is returned as indicated by the dotted circle 7, the uppercase types 10 are enabled to print. The downward movement. of the carriage is limited by an adjustable stop 136, threaded forwardly through an arm 137 cast upon the rear wall of the machine framing; the ribbon-spool bearing arm 78 of the hinged carriage-supporting frame being prolonged below the ribbon-spool shaft, as at 138, to bear against said adjustable stop. A shift-lever 139, bearin .a key 140, projects forwardly and upwarc ly from a transverse horizontal rock-shaft 141; journaled in the side walls, of

the base, and about midway of its length said shaft is provided with an upright arm 142, from which extends rearwardly a link 143, whose rear end has a sliding bearing at 144 in the upper portion ofrsaid cast arm 137 Said link is provided with a lug 145, adapted to catch a nib 146 formed upon a hook-shaped stop 147pivoted at 148 to the lower portion of said iibbon-spool carrying arm 78 in rear of the spool shaft. By de- 'pressing the shift key. the shaft 141 and arm 142 thereon are rocked, pulling` forwardly the link 143, and by means of the lug 145 and nih 146 swinging the stop down, until said nib is arrested by a stop pin 149. Continued movementfof the key, rock-shaft, arm and link then swings the frame arm 78 forwardly and the frame and carriage upwardly about the hinge v69, until the parts are arrested, with the platen in the dotted line position, b v the contact ofthe hook-stop 147 with the upper end of said cast arm 137 (which of course may be provided with an if desired.) After the capital type or types are written, the shift to normal position by a the hinged frame and car- A spring 151 lifts spring 150, while rlage return by gravity.

`,tlie"l1ookstop 147 until it is again clear of 137. so that the upper end of said cast arm to interfere it may not contact therewith with the upward tilting movement of thel carriage to the Fig. 7 position. During such tilting movement, the arm thereon are swung forwardly away from their cooperating' parts mounted in the machine base; so that at any time the'carriage may be given either a limited movement for writing capitals. or a tilting movement to expose the underside thereof. y

To provide for writing a line of capitals, I pivot at 152 upon said arm 137 a cam plate whose forward edge, which is eccentric to the pivot, is adapted to engagea bearingpiii 154 projecting from the frame arm extension 13S. so thatr by swinging said cam plate upwardly about its pivot, said arm is driven forward and the hinged frame and carriage elevated to the proper point for writing capitals. For operating said ani plate. I pivot thereto at 155. below thepiyot 152, the rear end of .a pull-link 156, which wardly 7S and parts extends to the keyboard and is there pivoted at 157 to the upper end of a rock-arm 158,

mounted upon a horizontal transverse rock shaft 159 mounted between the walls of the framework. t the left-hand side of the keyboard an upright lever 160 is fixed upon said rock shaft, so that a forward movement of said lever may lift the ca1nplate 153 to set the carriage to upper-case position. Forward and rear stops 161 and 162, the'former preferably adjustable, may be provided for said lever; and a double-acting spring 163, adapt-ed to bear against a pin 164 fixed upon tpe lever, may hold the leveragainst either s op.

The margin governing mechanism, by which term is meant devices which either positively limit the travel of the carriage or warn the operator that the end of the line is approaching, or both, includes a rack 170, mounted beneath the carriage, being attached by screws 171 to the bottoms of arms or ears 172 depending from the carriage plate 33. Said rack is provided with a series of teeth 173, for enabling the tappets or 'stops to be fixed at Adifferent. positions, according to the width of the left-hand or right-hand margin desired on the page of writing. The means for limiting the return movement of the carriage, and thereby regulating the left-hand margin on the paper, com rises a box-like slide 174, fitted upon the rac r and seen at the left-hand of Fig. 7, and also at Figs. 1 and4, and having formed thereon a stop 175,y projecting upwardly from the slide, and in position to contact with the forprojeoting end of. an arbor 176 mounted in the carriage-guiding rail 36 about midway of the length thereof, thereby, to arrest the carriage. Said slide is provided upon its underside'with, a pawl 177, having an upwardly projecting tooth 178 r insertion in any of the notches in the rack,

so that any desired. width of left-hand-mar' gin ymay be secured. The pawl is provided with a handle 179. and a spring 180 for pressing the tooth 17 8 into engagement with the rack. By withdrawing the tooth, the slide and stop may be slid freely along the rack in either direction. The pawl is pivot-ed vertically. upon the slide at 181. The rack is provided upon its underside with a series of graduations 182, and the lefthand edge ofthe slide 174 may be adapted to cooperate with said when said edge coincides with any graduation on the scale. the first letter of the line of writing will fall beneath the corresponding graduation on the platen scale 47. It

will be observed that normally said slide, as

graduations, so that well as other tappets upon said rack, are in an inaccessible position beneath the carriage, while the scale 182 is out of sight; but. that upon tilting up the carriage, as at Fig. 7,

the seule is brought into full View, ,and read) aeeess is atl'orded to 'tl'ievfslide and its pawl. it'or adjusting the same lo'ngthe rack. Se far as this feature of my improreinentsis concerned, any suitable rack and otherparts ot margin-governing mechanism may be adopted. within the scope of my invention. The novel features erta-innig to the i'i-iargifi-f governing details lherein shown are,\.`ho\'v= ever, preferred. l' 1 yf A bell 183, in rear ofthe rail 36,'is hungby# a strap 184 upon the bar G6 of the hinged" earriagre-supportingr traine; and 'a elapper 185 is horizontally pivoted at 186 upon the rear side of said rail, normally resting upon a stop 1ST. Ihevelapper is litted by anfarin 198. having u long bent linger 180 underlyine' the elapper, and secured by lrivets ,1510 upon a head 191 formed upon the rear projet-ting end of the arbor 171i, so that by ro tation of the arbor. thearin"lSS rises and littsgthe elapper. It will 'be observed thatD the arbor extends horizontally through bosses 192 and 193 formed upon the `rear and Al'ront sides ot' theurail, whereby a" long bearingr is given, to avoid binding. For rotating the arbor to lift the bell-chipper, a tappet- 1'91- is mounted upon a slide 195 mounted upon the rack 170 and resembling the slidel l-l. Said tappet extends rearwardly (Figs. 5 and G) from the top of a standard 196' rising troni the forward edge of the slide; said standard elearingr thev forward end ot the arbor ITG, but said tappet being in position to engage a pallet 197 projecting upwardly troni the tip of the arbor. During` the letter` 'feeding movement. of the carriage, the tappe-t engages the pallet and rotates the arbor. lifting! its arm and the bell-clapper. until the t'appet passes -over the pallet. thereby releasingl the saine, and lthe bell-chipper being lei't unsupported, AFalls and strikes the bell, y to notiiyY the operator that the end of the. line is at hand. The slide 19:3 is provided i with a pawl 19S. haring a meh-engaging tooth IJl and a spring 200. whereby it ma)v be adjusted along the raelc, to regulate the l rifrht-liand maigrin upon the paper.

["or loelfing the tvpe-aetions or otherwise rendering the keys inel'l'ective to operate the types. l provide. prei'eiabl)v upon the belleoutrolling slide 193. a tappet 201, a short distanee to the right of tappet 104. which liesl elose. to the upper side ot the slide, but proieets .suilieientliv therefrom to engag a pallet 2112 provided upon the, underside of the arbor 17V. wherelrv the arbor is rocked in the opposite direet'ion to that already deseribed. therebyr produein; no elileet upon the bell-elaplwr. but swinging into effective position a tumbler JOI-. projecting upwardly trs vhe head 191 ot thefarbor, and preferable-integral with the arni 188. Said tuinbleil thus brought dii-eetl;v beneath an extension "l0-l projeeting forwardly from the 'ating farm 195 lot the carriage-feeding4 and :iblain-vibrating ineelnlnisin, thus preve tin'g' operation of said meehanism and hen'ee ofthe iniirersal-bar-and the type aetiois. sideotI sa-nl extension 201, as seen clearly at Fig. Q. in which position it maintained by a spring 205, coiled around a reduced portion of the arbor between its ends; said spring being of light tension, and overb'l- .aneed bythe weight fof thev beltcla per, whereby ,the arbor is returned in one irec tion b the spring` and in the other direction by the weight ot' the elapper. Said arbor 1113 is slidably journaled in said carriageguiding rail. and its head 191 isengaged by the, Forli'ed lower end of a rock arm 20G, fixed upon a rook-shaft 207 journaled at? its end portions in brackets 208 projecting l-roui the rear side ot said rail,.and provided at' its tips with buttons Q09. whereby it may beturned. 'By this means th arbor may be drawn rearwardly to a sniiicient extent to enable it to elear the tappets or stops mounted upon ythe raek 170, thereby enabling a. few nliore letters to be added at fthe end of the line, or enabling the carriage to run farther upon itsl return stroke.l so that thetirst part ot the succeeding line may be Written in the lett-hand margin upon the paper. A spring 2n) is provided upon the shaft 207, for returningI the shaft, together With the arbor, to normal position.

seeond or final keyloeking tappet 211 ma)Y be t'ornied upon the slide 195, at the right of the first line-locking tappet-20l, this tappet operating in the same Way as the ta ppet 201, and prevent-ing the writi ol any more letters at the end of the line. ln lsome eases, however. this tappet may be omitted. The slide 195 may be of suilicient length to areonnnodate the three described tappets, or it desired each may be mounted upon a separate slide. Upon its underside the slide may be recessed, and the edge 212 ot: the reeess may serve as an index to eooperate with the scale on the margin-gage rar-li. tor setting the slide to ring the bell or loel; the. line at any desired point.

.Ear-h of the tappets, as well as the sto 175, is preferably formed upon its rear si e with an oblique tace, as 213 and 214, which di-ufinrr the usual carriage movementseam back the arbor against the tension of the spring-.210, out ofthe path of the tappets or stops. so that the latter are ea'ch efeetive in only one direction.

.lt will further be observed that the rod 57, whieh supports the collars 59, fromwhich extend the paper-guiding fingers 56, is mounted in a relatively inaccessible position below the platen scale and upon the underside ot the carriage, so that when the earringe, is in normal position, it is diilicult to reach the collars to slide them along the Normally said tumbler stands at one 470 irs rod; but that when the carriage is tilted up, said collars are more accessible, and their adjustment facilitated. l lVide variations may be resorted to with- 1n the scope of myinvention, and portions of my improvements may be used without, others.

Having thus described. my invention, I claim:

l. In a front strike writing machine, the combination of a series of rearwardly striking type bars, a platen, a carriage whereon -said` platen anounted, a movable frame whereon said' carriage runs, a margin-gage rack mounted beneath the carriage upon one of said carriage and frame elements, and coperative mechanism mounted upon the other of said elements.

2. In a frontstrike writing machine, the combination of a series of rearwardly striking type bars, a platen, a carriage whereon said platen is mounted, a littable frame whereon said carriage is mounted, and mechanism for adjustably limiting the run of the carriage, sounding an alarm, and

- locking the keys; said mechanism including.

a rack and devices adjustable therealong,

*gend said rack being mounted beneath the carriage and on one of said carriage and -t'rame elements.

' 3. In a 'frontstrike writing machine, the combination of a series of rearwardly striking types, a paper-carriage, a hinged support whereon said carriage is mounted, a rack mounted beneath the carriage upon one of said 'carriage and support elements, a device adjustable along said rack, and a part cooperating with said adjustable device for controlling the line movements of the carriage.y v

l. In a Jliront strike writing machine, the combination of a series of rearwardly striking types, a platen, a paper carriage whereon said platen is mounted, a frame whereon said carriage mounted, said frame being hinged in rear of the platen to theiramework of the machine, and line-controlling mechanism including a rack mounted beneath the carriage. upon vone of said carriage and frame elements, and a device adjustable along said rack.

In a front strike writ-ing machine, the combination of a series lof rearwardly striking type bars, a carriage, a frame whereon said carriage is mount-ed, said frame being tiltable. upwardly and rearwardly, and adjustable line-controlling mechanism including a rack mounted beneath the carriage upon one of said carriage and frame elements, anda device adjustable along said rack.

' 6. In a front strike writing machine, the combination of a series of rearwardly striking type bars, a carriage, a movable iframe along which said carriage runs, adjustable line-controlling mechanism including a rack mounted in an inaccessible position upon one of said carriage and frame elements, and also including a tappet adjustable along said rack, and means for moving said frame so as to bring said rack to an accessible position.

7. In a front strike writing machine, the combination of a series of rearwardly strikmg' type bars, a carriage, a rail upon which said carriage runs, said rail forming part of a frame which is hinged in rear ot the carriage, so that the carriage and frame may be tilted upwardly and rearwardly, and margin-governing mechanism including a ack mounted beneath said carriage and forwardly of' said rail upon one of said frame and carriage elements r1nd a tappet adjustable alon-g said rack.

S. In airont strike writing machine, the combination of a series of rearwardly stril'- ing type bars, a platen, a rail on edge below and behind the platen and provided with grooves in its top and bottom edges, groov'ed bars one above and one below said rail, balls running in the grooves, a bar forward of said rail and beneath the platen and integral with said grooved bars, and platen-supporting arms rising from said forward bar.

9. In a front strike writing machine, the combination ot a series of rearwardly striking type bars, a platen, a rail below and behind the platen and provided with grooves in its top and bottom edges, grooved bars one above and one below said rail, upright arms connecting said bars at their ends, a bar forward of said rail and integral with said bars and arms, integral platensupporting arms rising from said forward bar, and rearwardly extending hinged arms formed integral with said rail.

l0. The combinati'on With a series of type actions and a carriage, of a universal bar operable by the type actions, an aum operable by said universal bar, a normally inoperative tumbler for intercepting said arm, an arbor whereon said tumbler is mounted, and a tappet having an abrupt face for engaging and rotating the arbor to bring said tumbler to operative position to lock the type actions, and also having an inclined face which is effective upon the return movement of the carriage to move said arbor endwise; 'the latter being provided with means for returning it to normal position.

11. The combination with a series of type actions and a carriage, of a bell, a clapper, an arm for operating said clapper an arbor whereon saidv arm is mounted, anc a tappet having an abrupt face for engaging and rotating the arbor to cause said arm to raise said clapper, and the tappet and arbor-being so related that during further move- 20 universal-bar arm,

series of type 15 clapper, an arbor Whereon said tumbler and said clapper-armare mounted, a tappet hav=- ciiigan abrupt face 'for engaging and rotat ing the arbor in one direction to bring said tumbler to effective position to intercept said and a tappet having an abrupt'face Jfor engaging and rotating-said arbor in the opposite direction to cause the arm thereon to raise said clapper; the arbor and the last-mentioned tappet being so re '25 lated that during further movement of the carriage the tappet escapes from the arbor, permitting the clapper to fall upon the bell; each of said tappets having an inclined face Which is effective upon the return movement ofthe carriage to move said arbor endivise;

the latter being provided With means for returning it to normal position.

13.A The combination of a series of type act-ions; a spring-propelled carriage; a rail; saidfcarriage running upon said rail; a universal bar operable by the type actions; an arm operable by said universal bar; a normally dormant-tumbler for intercepting said arm; a bell; a clapper; an arm for operating 4o said clapper; an arbor slidably journaled upon said rail and extending therethrough; said tumbler and said chipper-arm being' mounted upon one projecting end of'said arbor; a rack upon the carriage; a tappet adjustable upon said rack; saidv t-appet havinglfan abrupt face for engaging and rotating the arbor in one direction to bring said tumbler to effective position; a tappet rigid With said tappet and set in advance thereof and having an abrupt face for engaging and rotating said arbor in" the opposite direction to cause the arm thereon to raise said clapper; said'arbor being provided with opposite pali lets for engagement with said tappets, and the second tappet being so related to its pallet that during further movement of the carriage the tappet escapes from the pallet, permitting the clapper to fall upon the bell;

a third tappet'rigid With the lirst two tap- '6'0 pets, and having an yabrupt face for engaging with one of said pallets to turn said a1-if: bor thev second time in a direction to render said tumbler effective; all of said tappets having inclined faces which are' .effective upon the return movement'of the carriagel 'cess to the rack for vupon the front of the platen,

to move the arbor eudn'ise out of the path ofthe tappets; a stop also adjustable along- Said rack and adapted to engage said arbor to arrest the 'arriage when returning to begin a new line; said stop also having an inclined `face for forcing said arbor endwise upon the movement of the carriage in letter-feeding direction; a head upon said arbor; a shaft n'iounted upon the"cz`u.riagc and provided With a linger-piece and having- Aan arm for engaging said bead; a spring 'tor returning said shaft and arbor to normal position; and "a spring coiled around said arbor for rotating the stime to normal position inzone direction, the pressure of the last-n'ientioned spring being overbalanced by lthe Weight of said clapper.

14. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage of margin-governing mechanism inclusive of an arbor slidably journalcd, a rack, a tappet adjustable upon said rack and adapted to rotate said arbor in one direction, means operable by said arbor ywhen so turned for. ringing an alarm, a tappet also adjustable upon said rack and adapted 'to turn said arbor in the opposite directionioand meansI controlled by said arbor during such movement for locking the keys; each of said ta-ppets being provided with an oblique face for pressing said arbor.longitudinally during the return movement offthe carriafre. p

15. A. `front strike Writing machine having rearwardly strikingtypebars, a car-k riage, a lifting frame whereon said carriage iruns, and a margin-gage and rackv beneath the carriage and brought into view when the carriage is lifted, so that the gage may be readilv adjusted but is down out of the Way when 'not wanted, f

1G. ln a typewriting machine having a platen, a platen carriage and types striking upon the; front oi the platen, the combination of a tappet` rack and a stop, one upon therarriagc andv theother upon the frameivork; said rack and stop being normallyfcovered by theplaten. but the car riage beingmovable upwardly to give ac'- adjustment of the tappets thereon.

17. lna typewriting' mac-bine having a. platen, a platen carriage and types striking the combination of a rack mounted upon the carriage and covered up by the platen, tappets ad'- justablc along said rack, and a margin-regulating and l'iell-ringing` mechanism including a stop mounted upon the framework and projecting into the path of said tappets; the carriage being movable upwardly to bring said rack and the tappets thereon into accessible position. i 18; In a margin-gage mechanism, the Combination with tappets" each movable` approximately thel Whole length of a single provided on its top and bottom edges with rack, of a stop-memberrotatable by movenient of the carriage either forward or back ward andadapted to arrest the carriage movement Ain either direction, and a bell rung by the rotation of the stop-member in one direction; said stop-meinberrotatable in the opposite direction also.

19. In a margin-gage mechanism, aY rotatable stop-member rendered inoperative by movement in a direction along its axis. and carriage tappets having means to rotate the stop member in opposite directions; alai'in and line-locking devices beingcontrolled by said stop-member.

Q0. In, a margin-gage mechanism, a rotatable stop-member rendered inoperative by movement along its axis, and a spring for returning said stop in axial direction and rotating the same; and carriage tappets having means to rotate the stop member in opposite directions; alarm and line-locking devices being controlled by said stop-niember.

Q1. A typewriter carriage whose margins are regulated l f a hidden mechanism which Asounds an alarm and locks the keys; said mechanism movable into accessible position' at the will ot' the operator for the purpose of regulating the margin and alarm.

2Q. typewriter carrimge.v a margin gageI mechanism mounted beneathv said carriage. a carriage-propelling spring also mounted beneath the carriage and provided with a tensioning device, means being provided to enable a single movement to bring both said margin gage and said tensioning device into accessible positions.

:23. In a typewritiiig machine, the combination with a carriage and a propelling .spring mounted beneath the same and having a tensioning device normally inaccessible, and means for bringing said tensioning device to accessible position.

24. In a typewriting machine, a carriage comprising upper and lower bars, said bars provided with longitudinal grooves and connected at their ends by upright bars formed integral therewith, a plate projecting forwardly from said connectedhars, and at its ends formed with upright arms, a platen axle journaled in said arms, a rail embraced by said groove'd bars and seton edge, and provided on its top and bottom edges with grooves, and bearing balls running in thev grooves. v

V 25. In a typewriting machine, a carriage comprising upper and lower bars, said bars provided with longitudinal grooves and connected at their ends by-upright bars Yformed integral therewith, a plate projecting forwardly from said connected bars, and at its ends 'formed with upright arms, a platen axle journaled in said arms, a rail embraced by, said'grooved bars and set on edge, and

grooves,'and bearing balls running in the grooves, said rooved rail forming part of a frame wliic is movable in a direction transverse to the direction of said grooves.

26; In a Atypewriting machine, a carriage comprising upper and lower bars, said bars provided with longitudinal grooves and connected at their ends by upright bars formed integral therewith, a plate projecting forwardly from said connected bars, and at its ends formed with upright arms, a platen axle journaled in s'aid arms, a rail embraced by-said grooved bars and set on edge, and provided on its top and bottoni edges with grooves, and bearing balls running in the grooves, said grooved rail forming part ofa frame ,which is movable in a directin transverse to the direction of said grooves, said frame comprising rearwardly extending` ariiis'which are united at their forward ends by said rail, and a bar which unites said arms between their ends.

27. lira t-ypcwrit-ing machine,a carriage comprising upper and lower bars, said bars provided with longitudinal grooves and connected at their ends by upright bars formed integral therewith, a plate projecting forwardly from said` connected bars, and at its ends formed with .upright arms, a platen axle journaled in said arms, a rail embraced by said grooved bars and set on edge, and provided on its top and bottom edges with grooves, and bearing balls running in the grooves, said grooved rail forming part of a trame which is movable in a direction transverse to the direction of said grooves, said frame comprising rearwardly extending armsI which are united at their forward ends b v said rail, and a bar which unites said arms between their ends, and a carriage supporting `frame comprising a pair of hinged arms carrying at their ends grooved rails for the carriage.

QS. ln a. typewriting machine, a carriage comprising upper and lower bars, Said bars provided with longitndina'l'grooves and conneeted at their ends by upright bars formed integral therewith, a plate projecting foi'- wardly from said connected bars, and at its ends formed with uprightariiis, ai platen axle iournaled in said arms, a rail embraced by said grooved bars and set on edge, and

provided on its top and bottom edges withy grooves, and bearing balls running in the Jl. In a typewritiiig machine, the combination ot a platen.. a carriage on which said platen is mounted, a frame on which said carriage is: mounted, a margin stop carried by said carriage, and normally in an inaccessible position, the frame beingf mounted to move to a position in which said stop is accessible, and a stop mounted in the frame normally 'in'copeiative relation with said margin stop.4

30. In a. typewriting machine, the combination of rearwardly stiikimeT type, a platen, a carriage on which said platen is mounted, a tiltable frame on which said'ca-'rriage is mounted, a margin stop inaccessibly lmounted upon the lower part of said carriage, and accessible when the ,traine is tilted, and a stop inovably mounted in the frame, normally in position to cooperate With said margin stop, but movable out of said position.

31. In a typeivi-iting machine, the combination of a platen. a carriage carryingr said platen, a tiltable frame on which said carriage runs, a horizontal bar depending from said carriage, a stop adjustable along said bar, said bar risingr from inaccessible to accessible position when said frame is tilted, and a stop on the frame normally in a certain relation with said first stop but movable into another relation as to coperation with said first mentioned stop. Y A

32. In a typewritingl machine, the combination of a carriage, a frame on which said carriagev runs, a normally inaccessible st op, mounted on said carriage, said frame being A movable to another position, to ailond access lio to said stop.

33. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a frame', a carriage mounted to run'eii said frame, and a normally inaccessible margin stop', mounted on the under part oi. said carriage, said frame being mounted to oscillate vertically about a centerin the rear of the machine frame, so as to bring said stop to accessible position for adj ustinent.

34. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, a carriage for the platen, a tiltable frame on which said carriage is mounted to run, and devices, including an adjustable stop, mounted below the platen,

kand brought into accessible position for ading an adjustable stop, mounted below the platen, accessible for adjustment, when the normal.

frame is raised, and la coperating stop mounted in the frame normally in a certain relation to said adjust-able stop but movable into another relation thereto.

3G. In a typeivriting machine7 the combination of al carriage, a platen mounted on.

said carriage, and mechanism comprising a. stop rod on said carriage normally below the platen, a stop adjustable along said rod and inaccessible for purposes of adjustment until its normal relation. as below the platenha's become changed, and a second stop, norin'allyv in a certain relation to -the first stop but movable into other relation. as to c0peration with said adjustable sten.

87. In a front strike typewriting machine, the combination with a platen arranged to be moved upwardly, platen, a stop rod carried by said carriage and arranged normally below said plater and inaccessible because of its osition' with relation to said platen, an adjustable stop mounted on said rod, accessible when the relation of the rod below the platen is changed, for adjustment, and a stop arranged movable into and out of coperative relation to said adjustable stop.

38. In a typewriting machine, the combination of aplaten a carriage therefor, a. pivotally mounted frame on which said carriage runs, one or more mar n stops inaccessibly'mounted beneath t e platen, the pivotal mounting of the frame being such that said frame maybe 'swun from a nor mal position upward and bac ward to afford access to said stop or stops, and a stop coperating with said margin stop 0 1' stops, i

39. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, movable transversely across the machine, said platen mounted for movement into and outof printing position, and a margin stop adjustably mounted be- -low said platen in a position inaccessible fonadjustmentwhen said platen is in print,- ing position but accessible when saidplaten is moved out of printing position.

40. In a typewriting-machine, the combination with a platen, of a carriagepn-which the platen is mountedJv and marginstop de vices, mounted on said carriage, normally: in inaccessible position, but ada ted to be moved to accessibleposition, wh' e the relation of the platen to the carriage remains 41. Ina typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage, of a frame mounted in connection with saidl carriage, one or more margin stops, said frame arranged to be swung from its normal position to a. position more accessible from theffl'ont of the machine for the purpose of adjusting Said stops. j l

42. In a front strike writing machine, the combination of a series of rearwardly strika carriage for4 saiding type bars, a paper carriage, a hinged frame along which said carriage travels, a

'.'wardly to expose carriage-propelling spring mounted on said frame, adjustable line-controlling mecha-` 'and margin-governing mechanism including a tappet adjustably mounted at the under side of the carriage and brought to an vaccessible position by said tilting movement.

44, In a front strike writing machine, the combination of a series of rearwardly striking types, a paper carriage, a frame where- 4on sald carriage runs, said frame being -mounted so that it may be lifted Sulliciently to give access to the under side of l'the carriage, and margin-governing mechanism including a tappet adjustably mount- I ed upon one of said carriage and frame elements at. the under side of the carriage, and also including a rack for said tappet, said rack bein provided upon its bottom face with a sca e.

45. In a front strike writing machine1 the combination with types of a paper carriage having ooved bars, a rail having grooves in'its e ges, balls running in the grooves, rearwardly extending hinged arms formed integral with said rail, a bar connecting said arms, said arms, bar and rail forming a frame, and carriage -propelling devices mounted upon said hinged frame.

46. In a front strike writing machine, the combination of a series' of rearwardly striking type bars, a paper carriage, a frame whereon said carriage is mounted, said frame being hinged `in rear of the carriage to fthe framework whereby the frame and carriage may be tilted toexpose the undersideV thereof, and a carriage-propelling spring provided with tension-adjusting means and mounted'at the lower portion of .said frame, so as to be brought into an accessible position when the frame is tilted.

47. In a front strike Writing machine, the

lcombination with rearwardly striking types of a carriage, a frame whereon said carriage runs, said frame being hinged 1n rear of the carriage, a carriage-propelling sprlng also 'mounted on said :trame in a horizontal position and provided upon its underside with a tension-adjusting ratchet, margin-governing mechanism inclusive of a rack mounted beneath thev carriage upon one of said carriage vind frame elements, and a tappetfadjustable along said rack whereby when the frame is lifted, the tension adjusting means and the tappet adjusting means are brought into accessible position.

48. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a platen and a carriage, of a combined margin-gage and carriage supporting'frame, having thereon a track for said carriage, and also having thereon a margin gage tappet-carrying rack in inaccessible position; said frame being liftable to bring said tappet to accessible position.

49. In a front strike typewriting machine,

the combination with key-operated type bars, of a platen, a line lock element in inaccessible position, and a carriage for said platen and line lock element, a frame supporting said carriage having a track for to and fro movement of said carriage, and also having thereon in normally inaccessible position, mechanism for sounding an' alarm and mechanism cooperating with said line lock element, said frame being liftable to bring to accessible position said line lock and alarm sounding mechanisms.

50. In a type'writing machine, the combination, with a carriage and a propelling spring therefor, of a manipulable tensioning device for said spring, said tensioning device mounted in inaccessible position, and a means to which said tension-device and carriage are connected whereby said tensioning device may be brought to accessible position for adjustment, while at the same time the carriage is moved away from printing position.

51. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage and a propelling spring therefor, of a manipulable tensioning device for said spring, and a margingage member, said device and member mounted in inaccessible position, and a means to which said device, member and carriage are connected whereby said device and member may be broughtto accessible position for adjustment, while at the same time the carriage is moved away from printing position.

52. In a typewriting machine, thecombination with a carriage and a propelling spring, of a manipulable tensiomn device for such spring, a margin gage mem er, said device and member mounted in inaccessible position, and a means connected to said device, member, spring and carriage, whereby said device, spring and member may be brought to accessible position while the carriage moves away from the printing point. Signed at Elizabeth, New Jersey, this 29th day of June, 1903.

. y BURNHAM C. STICKNEY. Witnesses SAMUEL R. OGDEN, LIDA Ross. 

